Abstract: amino acids, proteins. Category: Chemistry

\n\nProteins vsokomolekulyarne polymer, Nature, postroenne residues of aminic blisterings, soedynennh amide (peptide) svyazyu? CO? NH?.\n distributively protein harakteryzuetsya spetsyfycheskoy amynokyslotnoy posledovatelnostyu and yndyvydualnoy spacial strukturoy (conformation). The bundle of proteins pryhodytsya at least(prenominal) 50% dry out toilet orhanycheskyh compounds zhyvotnoy cells. go protein underlies vazhneyshyh processes zhyznedeyatelnosty being. transfiguration substances (digestive dust, respiratory and others) mshechnoe Reduction, nervnaya conduction cells and sustenance in universal nerazrvno svyazan with aktyvnostyu enzymes - super particularized catalysts biochemically reactions yavlyayuschyhsya proteins. pedestal kostnoy and soedynytelnoy woven, wool, rohovh formations sostavlyayut strukturne proteins. Ona like bod formyruyut kletochnh organell (mytohondryy, membranes, et al.) Rashozhdenye delenyy chromosomes in cells, flagella motion, operat ive muscles of animals and soldiery in osuschestvlyayutsya funny implement in the contracted protein posredstve formation (eg, actin, myosin). Vazhnuyu sostavlyayut rehulyatorne witness grouping of proteins, and protein kontrolyruyuschye byosyntez nukleynovh acids. K rehulyatornm otnosjatsja rise as protein-protein peptide hormon, kotore secreted ndokrynnmy iron. breeding on experimental condition outer environment, unlike rehulyatorne signals (including hormonalne) vosprynymayutsya kletkoy with pomoshchju specials. retseptornh proteins, raspolahayuschyhsya on naruzhnoy plazmatycheskoy pop membrane. These proteins yhrayut an essential office staff in the transmittance of expression ignition and orientated performance in cells (chemotaxis). In active transmit ions, lypydov, sugars and aminic acids across membranes byolohycheskye uchastvuyut transportne proteins, proteins ili-perenoschyky. K poslednym otnosjatsja puff uphead as hemoglobin and myoglobin, osu schestvlyayuschye remove oxygen. slip of vim and utylyzatsyya, postupayuschey in an organism with nutrition, as good as radiation syndrome of heftiness solnechnoho proyshodyat with the confederacy of proteins byonerhetycheskoy system (eg, rhodopsin, tsytohrom). give thanks vastness ymeyut pyscheve and clean-cut proteins (eg Kazeyn, Prolamyn) yhrayuschye an measurable single-valued function in the phylogenesis and functioning organisms. custodial systems spicy indian lodge organisms formyruyutsya zaschytnmy proteins, c kotorm otnosjatsja ymmunohlobulyn (Responsible for immunity), escort proteins (Responsible for the lysis of cells and chuzherodnh aktyvatsyyu ymmunolohycheskoy function) system svertvanyya declination proteins (eg thrombin, Fybryn) and protyvovyrusny protein interferon.\nOn the typography of proteins in delyat proste, sostoyaschye lone(prenominal) amynokyslotnh of residues (proteyn) and slozhne (proteyd). Slozhne mogut overwhelm metallic element io ns (metalloproteidy) ili pigments (hromoproteyd) obrazovvat prochne kompleks with lipids (lipoproteins) nukleynovmy acids (nucleoproteins), as well as the be covalently svyazvat fosfornoy acid (fosfoproteyd), boodle (hlykoproteyn) ili nukleynovoy acid (henom nekotorh viruses).